TITLE 1 GENERAL
GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION
CHAPTER 8 STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
PART 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.8.1.1 ISSUING AGENCY: State ethics
commission (the commission), 800 Bradbury Dr. SE, Ste. 215, Albuquerque, NM
87106.
[1.8.1.1 NMAC-N, 1/1/2020; A,
10/27/2020]
1.8.1.2 SCOPE: The rules of
Chapter 8 provide for and govern the organization and administration of the
state ethics commission.
[1.8.1.2 NMAC-N, 1/1/2020]
1.8.1.3 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: Paragraph 2 of
Subsection A of Section 10-16G-5, State Ethics Commission Act, Section 10-16G-1
NMSA 1978; Section 10-16-13.1, Governmental Conduct Act, Section 10-16-1 NMSA
1978, Subsection (C) of Section 10-15-1, Open Meetings Act, Section 10-15-1
NMSA 1978.
[1.8.1.3 NMAC-N, 1/1/2020; A,
10/27/2020]
1.8.1.4 DURATION: Permanent.
[1.8.1.4 NMAC-N, 1/1/2020]
1.8.1.5 EFFECTIVE DATE: January 1,
2020, unless a later date is cited at the end of a section, in which case the
later date is the effective date.
[1.8.1.5 NMAC-N, 1/1/2020]
1.8.1.6 OBJECTIVE: The rules of
Chapter 8 are promulgated to ensure that the state ethics commission is
administered so that it works effectively, efficiently and fairly to achieve
its constitutional and statutory mission. That mission is to ensure compliance
with all applicable public ethics laws by all public officials, employees,
candidates, contractors, lobbyists and others subject to the commission’s
jurisdiction throughout their employment or dealings with New Mexico state
government; and to ensure that the public ethics laws are clear, comprehensive
and effective. The rules adopted in Chapter 8 shall be interpreted and applied
to achieve the purposes and objectives for which the commission has been
established.
[1.8.1.6 NMAC-N, 1/1/2020]
1.8.1.7 DEFINITIONS:
A. “Administrative
complaint” means an allegation of an actual or potential violation of
ethics laws in a sworn complaint, as fully described in Subsection D of Section
10-16G-2 NMSA 1978.
B. “Advisory opinions” are opinions written by the commission responding to
questions presented by persons authorized under Paragraph 1 of Subsection A of
Section 10-16G-8 NMSA 1978 about how laws within the commission’s jurisdiction
apply to specific fact situations.
C. “Commission”
means the State Ethics Commission.
D. “Ethics
laws” means Article IX, Section 14 of the New Mexico Constitution and the
statutes set out in Subsection A of Section 10-16G-9 NMSA 1978.
E. “Government
agency” means an instrumentality of the United States or an agency of a
state, county, or municipal government.
F. “Informal
complaint” means an allegation of an actual or potential violation of
ethics laws from a person, which is not an administrative complaint.
G. “Interagency agreement” means an agreement between the commission and another
state or federal agency, including memoranda of understanding, joint powers
agreements, and services agreements.
H. “Joint powers agreement” as used in this part, has
the same meaning as it does in the Joint Powers Agreements Act, Section 1-11-1
NMSA 1978.
I. “Person” means
any natural person or organization that is not a government agency.
J. “Referral”
means any allegation of an actual or potential violation of ethics laws
received by the Commission or its staff from a government agency that is not an
administrative complaint.
K. Other words and phrases used in this part have the
same meaning as found in 1.8.3.7 NMAC or
the State Ethics Commission Act, Sections 10-16G-1 to -16 NMSA 1978.
[1.8.1.7 NMAC-N,
1/1/2020; A, 10/27/2020; A, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.8 DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE
DIRECTOR: Without limiting the duties and powers conferred by
statute, the director shall have the power to:
A. review
complaints filed with the commission for jurisdiction;
B. refer
complaints over which the commission has jurisdiction to the general counsel
for investigation and possible filing of a complaint;
C. refer
complaints, or parts thereof, to other state or federal agencies with
jurisdiction over such complaints, pursuant to the terms of any joint powers
agreements or other interagency agreements with any such agency;
D. enter into contracts on behalf
of the commission, including, with the commission’s approval, joint powers
agreements;
E. with the approval of the commission
and at the direction of the commission’s chair, petition courts for the
issuance and enforcement of subpoenas in relation to:
(1) the general counsel’s investigations
to determine probable cause in connection with a complaint filed with the
commission;
(2) the adjudication of complaints filed
with the commission; and
(3) an investigation related to the
commission’s determination whether to file a civil court action to enforce any
available civil remedy corresponding to any statute or constitutional amendment
over which the commission has jurisdiction;
F. with
the approval of the commission, file a civil court action to enforce any
available civil remedy corresponding to any statute or constitutional amendment
over which the commission has jurisdiction;
G. select
and hire staff, including a general counsel;
H. select
and contract with hearing officers and other contractors;
I. recommend
to the commission adoption of draft rules, forms or legislative changes;
J. prepare
annual budgets and appropriation requests for commission approval;
K. authorize
the general counsel to administer oaths and take depositions;
L. during
a period of vacancy or extended absence in the office of the general counsel,
assign any duties assigned to the general counsel by statute or rule to a
qualified attorney who is either on the commission’s staff or on contract with
the commission;
M. draft
advisory opinions for the commission’s approval;
N. notify
parties and the public of commission actions, including dismissals or referrals
of complaints;
O. provide
for the confidentiality of all records designated as confidential by law;
P. with
commission approval, delay notification of a complaint to protect the integrity
of a criminal investigation;
Q. perform
such other duties as may be assigned from time to time by the commission;
R. issue
standing orders to the extent authorized by the commission; and
S. delegate the responsibilities as set forth in this section to
appropriate commission staff members.
[1.8.1.8 NMAC-N, 1/1/2020]
1.8.1.9 ADVISORY OPINIONS AND INFORMAL
ADVISORY OPINIONS
A. Advisory opinions. The commission
may issue advisory opinions on matters related to ethics upon request.
(1) A request for an advisory opinion must be in writing, and
must be submitted by a public official, public employee, candidate, person
subject to the Campaign Reporting Act, government contractor, lobbyist or
lobbyist’s employer. The request is
confidential and not subject to the provisions of the Inspection of Public
Records Act.
(2) Upon receiving a request for an advisory opinion, the
director or the director’s designee:
(a) must provide the
requester with a written confirmation of receipt; and
(b) may ask the
requester if the requester would prefer to receive an informal advisory
opinion.
(3) Within sixty days of receiving a request for an advisory
opinion, the commission must either:
(a) issue an advisory opinion;
(b) inform the requester that the
commission will not be issuing an advisory opinion and provide an explanation
for the commission’s decision; or
(c) inform the requester that
the commission requires more than sixty days to issue an advisory opinion, and
notifies the requester about the status of the request every thirty days
thereafter.
(4) Unless amended or revoked, an advisory opinion shall
be binding on the commission in any subsequent commission proceedings
concerning a person who acted in good faith and in reasonable reliance on the
advisory opinion.
(5) At the request of any commissioner,
the director or the director’s designee shall draft an advisory opinion based on
any legal determination issued by the director, the general counsel, or a
hearing officer for the commission to consider for issuance as an advisory
opinion.
B. Informal
advisory opinions. A person may
submit the request for an informal advisory opinion to the director or general
counsel, who may answer the request.
(1) A request for an informal advisory opinion must be in
writing, and must be submitted by a public official, public employee,
candidate, person subject to the Campaign Reporting Act or the Governmental
Conduct Act, government contractor, lobbyist or lobbyist’s employer. The request is confidential and not subject
to the provisions of the Inspection of Public Records Act.
(2) An informal advisory opinion is specific to the person
who requests the advice and the facts presented in the request.
(3) An informal advisory opinion is not binding on the
commission unless and until the commission votes to adopt the informal advisory
opinion as an advisory opinion. The
director, based on any informal advisory opinion issued, may draft an advisory
opinion for the commission to consider for issuance as an advisory opinion.
(4) If the commission determines that a person committed a
violation after reasonably relying on an informal advisory opinion and the
violation is directly related to the informal advisory opinion, the commission
may consider that the person acted in good faith.
[1.8.1.9 NMAC-N, 10/27/2020;
A, 10/26/2021]
1.8.1.10 INFORMAL
COMPLAINTS; ASSESSMENTS:
A. Upon receipt of an informal complaint or a referral, the
director shall assess whether the informal complaint alleges a violation of the
ethics laws and is supported by sufficient evidence for a reasonable person to
conclude that a violation has occurred.
B. To
complete the assessment provided in Subsection A of this Section, the director
may seek information, proactively or in response to investigative leads,
relating to activities that constitute violations of the ethics laws. In making an assessment, the director may
seek and review information that is available to the public. For example, the director may review public
social media accounts, make written requests for records under the Inspection
of Public Records Act, and interview witnesses.
Assessments may result in:
(1) An investigation pursuant to 1.8.1.11 NMAC;
(2) A request for the Commission’s approval to commence a
civil action pursuant to 1.8.1.12 NMAC; or
(3) A determination of no further action pursuant to 1.8.1.13
NMAC.
C. Before initiating an assessment, the director must
determine whether the proposed assessment is based on factors other than
activities protected by the First Amendment of the United States Constitution
or the race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, political affiliation, or
other protected status of the assessment’s subject.
[1.8.1.10 NMAC-N, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.11 INVESTIGATIONS;
SUBPOENAS:
A. The director may initiate an investigation if there is
an articulable factual basis that reasonably indicates that the subject of the
investigation has violated or in the immediate future will violate the ethics
laws and the investigation is a reasonable use of Commission resources and
personnel. Investigations may result in:
(1) a request for the Commission’s approval to commence a
civil action pursuant to 1.8.1.12 NMAC; or
(2) a determination of no further action pursuant to 1.8.1.13
NMAC.
B. In
performing an investigation, the director may take any action available to the
director when making an assessment, interview witnesses, and petition a
district court for leave to issue and serve subpoenas for evidence pursuant to
Paragraph 2 of Subsection C of Section 10-16G-5 NMSA 1978 and Subsection D of
this Section.
C. Upon
approval of the Commission, the director may file an action in district court
for the issuance, service, and enforcement of subpoenas requiring the
attendance of witnesses and the production of books, records, documents or
other evidence relevant or material to the investigation. The civil action provided for in this
paragraph shall be filed under seal in the district court in the county where a
witness resides. If a witness neglects
or refuses to comply with a subpoena, the director may apply to the district
court for an order enforcing the subpoena and compelling compliance. The district court may impose sanctions or
other relief permitted by law, including contempt, if a person neglects or
refuses to comply with an order enforcing the subpoena and compelling
compliance.
[1.8.1.11 NMAC-N, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.12 CIVIL
ACTIONS:
A. If, after an assessment pursuant to 1.8.1.10 NMAC or
an investigation pursuant to 1.8.1.11 NMAC, the director concludes that the
subject of the investigation has violated or will violate the ethics laws, the director
shall ask the Commission to approve the initiation of a civil action under
Subsection F of Section 10-16G-9 NMSA 1978 and any other applicable statutory
authority or a referral to the house of representatives for impeachment
proceedings under Subsection C of Section 10-16-14 NMSA 1978.
B. The
approval of the Commission is required to initiate a civil action or to refer a
matter to the house of representatives for impeachment proceedings.
C. In
seeking approval from the Commission to initiate a civil action or refer a
matter for impeachment proceedings, the director shall provide a written
explanation of the factual basis for the proposed civil action and the list of
remedies sought. In seeking approval
from the Commission to refer a matter to the house of representatives for impeachment
proceedings, the director shall provide a written explanation of the factual
basis for the proposed referral and explain why a referral under Subsection C
of Section 10-16-14 NMSA 1978 is appropriate.
[1.8.1.12 NMAC-N, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.13 NO
FURTHER ACTION ON INFORMAL COMPLAINT:
If the director determines
that an informal complaint is unsubstantiated, does not imply a violation of
the ethics laws, or that the assessment or investigation is not a reasonable
use of Commission resources and personnel, the director may decide to take no
further action on the informal complaint and close the matter.
[1.8.1.13 NMAC-N, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.14 REFERENCE TO
OTHER DOCUMENTS: When a rule issued by the commission refers
to another rule, regulation or statute, or other document, the reference,
unless stated specifically to the contrary, is continuous and intended to refer
to all amendments of the rule, regulation, statute or document.
[1.8.1.14 NMAC-Rn, 1.8.10
NMAC, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.15 INTERPRETATION OF TERMS: Unless the context otherwise requires:
A. Singular/plural. Words used in the singular include the
plural; words used in the plural include the singular.
B. Gender. Words used in the neuter gender include the
masculine and feminine. The personal
pronoun in either gender may be used in these rules to refer to any person,
firm or corporation.
C. Permissive/mandatory.
May is permissive; shall and must are mandatory.
[1.8.1.15 NMAC-Rn, 1.8.11
NMAC, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.16 USE OF PRESCRIBED FORMS: The director may prescribe forms to carry out specified requirements of these
rules or the state ethics commission act.
Prescribed forms, or their substantial equivalent, must be used when
available, unless these rules state otherwise or the director waives this
requirement in writing. The director shall accept filings made on legible
copies of prescribed forms.
[1.8.1.16 NMAC-Rn, 1.8.12
NMAC, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.17 ADDRESS:
A. By
mail: Director, State Ethics Commission, 800 Bradbury Dr. SE, Ste. 215, Albuquerque,
NM 87106.
B. In
person: State Ethics Commission, 800 Bradbury Dr. SE, Ste. 215, Albuquerque, NM
87106.
C. By
email: ethics.commission@sec.nm.gov.
[1.8.1.17 NMAC-Rn, 1.8.13 NMAC, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.18 COMMISSION MEETINGS: The time,
location, and format of commission meetings is determined in accordance with
this section.
A. Time, place, and duration. The commission chair, in consultation
with the director, shall determine the time, place, format, and duration of
commission meetings necessary to conduct the commission’s business.
B. Executive Session. Upon
motion and vote of a quorum, the commission may enter into
a closed, executive session to discuss matters that are confidential under the
State Ethics Commission Act, Section 10-16G-1 NMSA 1978, and as otherwise
permitted by the Open Meetings Act, Section 10-15-1 NMSA 1978.
C. Virtual
meetings. With the consent of the
commission chair, the commission may meet virtually via web or
teleconference. In the event the
commission meets virtually, the meeting should occur on a platform that allows
members of the public to observe and participate. At a virtual or telephonic meeting, each
commissioner participating shall be identified when speaking and all meeting
participants and members of the public attending must be able to hear every
person who speaks during the meeting.
The commission staff shall record virtual meetings and make the recordings
(except for recordings of closed executive sessions) available for public
inspection.
D. Attendance by individual commissioners. An individual
commissioner may attend a physical commission meeting virtually, through
telephone phone or web conference provided that each commissioner participating
by conference telephone can be identified when speaking, and those attending
may hear every person who speaks during the meeting.
[1.8.1.18 NMAC-Rn, 1.8.1.14
NMAC, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.19 COMPUTATION OF TIME: In computing
any period of time prescribed or allowed by these
rules, the day from which the period of time begins to run shall not be
included. The last calendar day of the time period
shall be included in the computation, unless it is a Saturday, Sunday or a day
on which the state observes a legal holiday or emergency closure. In case of any such closure, the period of time runs to the close of business on the next
regular workday. If the period is less
than 11 days, a Saturday, Sunday, legal holiday or emergency closure day is
excluded from the computation.
[1.8.1.19 NMAC-Rn, 1.8.1.15
NMAC, 7/1/2023]
1.8.1.20 SEVERABILITY: If any
provision of Chapter 8 of these rules, or the application or enforcement
thereof, is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions or
applications of Chapter 8 of these rules which can be given effect without the
invalidated provisions or applications, and to this end the several provisions
of Chapter 8 of these rules are hereby declared severable.
[1.8.1.20 NMAC-Rn, 1.8.1.16
NMAC, 7/1/2023]
HISTORY OF 1.8.1 NMAC: [RESERVED]